AI + HUMAN BRAIN

25 Best Scientific Discoveries in the Last Decade from My Point of View

• In march 2010, anthropologists discovered a tiny, long finger in DENISOVA CAVE in SIBERIA. they determined it belonged to previously undiscovered species of human ancestor.

• While 2010 was a watershed year for anthropology, 2011 was all about achievements in space. NASA sent a new rover to mars, called Curiosity.

• In November 2011, NASA announced that its planet hunting. Kepler space telescope had spotted its first potentially habitable planet kepler 22-b.

• In May 2012, ELON MUSK's aerospace company, SpaceX made history by sending the first-ever commercial space craft to dock with the INTERNATIONAL SPACE STATION (ISS).

• Other scientists disciplines made incredible headway in 2012, too. Physicists reported the detection of a new type of particle called the HIGGS BOSON (GOD PARTICLE).  

• In 2013, NASA, astronomers observed plumes of water vapour being ejected from the frigid, icy surface of JUPITER's moon, EUROPA.

• In the same year, researchers also successfully served the first ever lab-grown hamburger.

• The European Space Agency got sometime in spotlight in 2014 . In November, the agency's ROSETTA SPACE PROBE landed on a comet which is 372 million miles from EARTH called 67p or Churyumov-Gerasimenko.
  

• In 2015, anthropologist Lee Berger announced that his team had discovered a new human ancestor species called HOMO NALEDI in South Africa.

• That was also the year that scientists mapped the human epigenome for the first time.

• Humanity visited PLUTO for the first time in 2015, when NASA's New Horizons probe flew by the Dwarf Planet.

• Another NASA spacecraft Cassini, achieved new heights in 2015. Astronomers confirmed that a liquid ocean exists under the icy crust of SATURN's moon Enceladus.

• In 2016, an artificial intelligence program from Google's Deepmind division, called AlphaGo, beat the world champion of the strategy game Go in four out of five matches.

• In 2016 the black-hole collision that reshaped physics.A momentous signal from space has confirmed decades of theorizing on black holes — and launched a new era of gravitational-wave astronomy.

• In 2017, geologists announced they'd discovered a new continent (ZEALANDIA) under the Pacific Ocean.

• That year brought a new breakthrough in genetics, too.Scientists successfully created synthetic DNA.

• The year 2017 also brought breakthroughs in self driving car technology.

• Astronomers witnessed another interstellar collision in 2017. when two neutron stars collided, scientists were able to see how all the Gold in the universe was created.

• In 2018, NASA launched rover to the red planet (MARS). InSight touched down on November 26.

• In 2018, Scientists found that atmospheric carbon dioxide had researched its highest level in at least 8,oo,ooo years.

• On January 1, 2019, NASA's nuclear-powered New Horizons spacecraft flew past a mysterious mountain-sized object(MU69) 4 billion miles away from EARTH to reveal new clues about the solar system's evolution and how planet like Earth formed.

• In April 2019, the event Horizon Telescope team published the first ever image of a black hole.

•  In 2020 now Astronomers have found a new planet (KOI-456.04) like Earth orbiting a star like Sun(Kepler-160).

• In 2020 astronomers have spotted the first known Light Flare from two Black holes collided in deep space. We may have seen it happen for the first time.

Architectural Photography

WHAT IS ARCHITECTURAL PHOTOGRAPHY ?

Architecture photography (also referred to as building photography or structure photography) generally means photography that focuses on buildings. It can include shooting building exteriors and interiors, as well as bridges, other structures, and cityscapes.

• Look at it from a New Perspective

When it comes to building photography, your first instinct might be to try to capture exterior shots of the building in its entirety. But to start taking better building photography, you should strive to find a unique perspective.

So try getting close and focusing on a single detail to create some abstract architecture photography. Or try filling the entire frame with a large building so the viewer can’t tell where it begins or ends. Also, make sure you try going inside the building and shooting some interiors.

While you’re experimenting with different perspectives, keep in mind some of the basic rules of photo composition to create interesting images. For example, find an archway or opening you can use to frame a shot. Or use the architecture to create leading lines, symmetry, and repetition of shapes.

• HDR is the Architecture Photographer’s Friend

High dynamic range (HDR) images are well suited to artistic building photography. When used correctly, HDR photography can add drama and creative flair to your exterior shots. But besides making for some stunning images, HDR photography can also help you overcome some challenges with shooting architecture.

With architecture photography, you’ll typically be relying on existing lighting at the location, and that can cause problems. For example, let’s say you are shooting the interior of a building but also want to capture some of the details you can see outside through a window. The interior lighting contrasting with conditions outside might make it difficult. But creating an HDR image allows you to make sure everything is exposed properly.

• Make good use of patterns

The eye loves harmony by nature. It is almost instinctive to take joy in a photo that is harmonious in its patterns. One can find patterns in repetitive structures or even colors.

• The “Space” rule

This guideline says it is much better to take a photograph where the moving element has considerable space ahead. The viewer will take a mental journey with the walking boy, in front of the building, until he reaches his destination.

• Pre-plan for the best natural light

Light is essential in every photograph, in any subcategory. In architecture photography, light can add drama, obscure details or create flattering lines. Getting the shot means finding the right light, whether you want a moody silhouette, a nighttime long exposure or an old building against a bright blue sky.

Time of day makes a big difference in how the photo is lit — understanding where the sun will be when you head to the building allows you to choose the best type of light for the shot. If the sun is behind the building or you have low-light conditions, you’ll either get a silhouette or overexpose the sky. With the sun in the front or towards the side, the building can be photographed with an evener exposure and ambient light. Of course, this directional light requires the sun to be lower in the sky, which means heading out in the morning or evening, not in the middle of the day.

• Keep it sharp — and try a tripod

In architecture photography, detail is essential — which means keeping the shot sharp. Use a narrower aperture to keep the details of the building in focus, like f/8 or even a higher f-stop.

With that narrower aperture, motion blur can start to pose a problem (yours, not the building’s, of course). Using a tripod will help keep the shot sharp, especially when shooting towards the end of the day or when photographing a building’s lights at night. A wide-angle lens can also be useful for your architectural photography, particularly if you’re working with fairly tall buildings.

Do What You Love: The Architectural Photographer

What do you need for capturing a good photograph ?

 

• POINT OF VIEW (POV)

 

A powerful point of view involves "becoming the subject." This means that you shoot the photo from the angle of the subject. For example, a shot of airport shown as though you were looking through the traveler's eyes (traveler's hands might be visible). These shots allow the viewer to feel like they are experiencing the event first hand. 

 

•   PROPER LIGHTING

Paying more attention to light is perhaps the single most important step you can take to improve your photography. Lighting is a key factor in creating a successful image. Therefore it is necessary to control and manipulate light correctly in order to get the best texture, vibrancy of colour and luminosity on your subjects. Photographers use lighting ratios to describe the amount of contrast in an image.

 

• FRAMING

Framing in photography might not be what you think it is. When you hear the term framing, you most likely think of the typical wooden frames in which you mount your photos before you hang them on the wall. But no framing means to compose the better photographs by placing them in such a way that draw the viewer's attention into the photos and further move the viewer's eyes around to the main subject.  

                                     

• CONTRAST

Contrast in photography is the visual ratio of different tones in an image. This difference is what creates the textures, highlights, shadows, colors and clarity in a photograph. When editing a photo’s contrast, the goal is to either increase the contrast to make an image more exciting and dramatic or decrease the contrast to make an image more ethereal and soft.

                                     

• LEADING LINES

 Leading lines refers to a technique of composition where the viewer of your photos attention is drawn to lines that lead to the main subject of the image. A leading line paves an easy path for the eye to follow through different elements of a photo. Usually they start at the bottom of the frame and guide the eye upwards and inwards, from the foreground of the image to the background, typically leading towards the main subject. Place your subject where the lines converge to give the subject more importance in the frame and draw the viewer’s attention directly to it.

 

                           

   

• SHUTTER SPEED 

Shutter speed controls how long your camera's sensor is exposed to light and is responsible for the appearance of motion in the photo. The longer the shutter is open, the more light that passes through to the camera's sensor. Conversely, the shorter the shutter is open, the less light that's able to pass through.

        

                                    

• RULE OF THIRD

The Rule of Thirds is a type of off-center composition where important elements of a photograph are placed along a 3×3 grid, which equally divides the image into nine parts. For many photographers, this type of composition a basic way to give structure to photographs and make them more appealing. With the rule of thirds, photographers envision four lines across their photographs, which also creates four intersecting points.